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Linux怎么查看线程


Linux怎么查看线程

发布时间:2022-02-01 10:56:11 来源:高防服务器网 阅读:77 作者:小新 栏目:开发技术

这篇文章给大家分享的是有关Linux怎么查看线程的内容。小编觉得挺实用的,因此分享给大家做个参考,一起跟随小编过来看看吧。

Linux系统的进程是由线程组成的,当然Linux进程下的线程数是不固定的,可以是一个进程,也可以是多个进程。

pstree命令以树状图显示进程间的关系(display a tree of processes)。ps命令可以显示当前正在运行的那些进程的信息,但是对于它们之间的关系却显示得不够清晰。在Linux系统中,系统调用fork可以创建子进程,通过子shell也可以创建子进程,Linux系统中进程之间的关系天生就是一棵树,树的根就是进程PID为1的init进程。

1>.安装pstree命令行工具,包名为:“psmisc”

 [root@yinzhengjie bin]# yum -y install psmisc   Loaded plugins: fastestmirror   Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile   Resolving Dependencies   --> Running transaction check   ---> Package psmisc.x86_64 0:22.20-15.el7 will be installed   --> Finished Dependency Resolution      Dependencies Resolved      ====================================================================================================================================================================    Package                               Arch                                  Version                                      Repository                           Size   ====================================================================================================================================================================   Installing:    psmisc                                x86_64                                22.20-15.el7                                 base                                141 k      Transaction Summary   ====================================================================================================================================================================   Install  1 Package      Total download size: 141 k   Installed size: 475 k   Downloading packages:   psmisc-22.20-15.el7.x86_64.rpm                                                                                                               | 141 kB  00:00:00       Running transaction check   Running transaction test   Transaction test succeeded   Running transaction     Installing : psmisc-22.20-15.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                       1/1     Verifying  : psmisc-22.20-15.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                       1/1      Installed:     psmisc.x86_64 0:22.20-15.el7                                                                                                                                            Complete!   [root@yinzhengjie bin]#

[root@yinzhengjie bin]# yum -y install psmisc

2>.相关参数介绍

 Usage: pstree [ -a ] [ -c ] [ -h | -H PID ] [ -l ] [ -n ] [ -p ] [ -g ] [ -u ]                 [ -A | -G | -U ] [ PID | USER ]          pstree -V   Display a tree of processes.        -a, --arguments                       显示命令时候,并显示其参数的完整内容        -A, --ascii                              各进程树之间的连接以ASCII码字符来连接        -c, --compact                          取消同名兄弟进程的合并(默认会将同名的兄弟进程合并)        -h, --highlight-all                    突出当前进程及其祖先     -H PID,        --highlight-pid=PID                   突出这个过程和它的祖先        -g, --show-pgids                      显示进程组ID;        -G, --vt100                             使用VT100线绘制字符        -l, --long                             不要截断长线。        -n, --numeric-sort                    用PID排序输出     -N type,     --ns-sort=type                        sort by namespace type (ipc, mnt, net, pid, user, uts)        -p, --show-pids                       同时列出每个进程的PID        -s, --show-parents                    显示选定过程的父母        -S, --ns-changes                      显示命名空间转换   •  -u, --uid-changes                     同时列出每个进程的所属账号名称        -U, --unicode                           各进程树之间的连接以utf8字符来连接,某些终端可能会有错误        -V, --version                           显示版本信息     -Z,     --security-context                     显示SELinux的安全上下文        PID                                   从这个PID开始;默认值是1(init)。        USER                                   只显示在该用户的进程中的树

3>.案例1-显示进程之间的关系

 [root@yinzhengjie bin]# pstree -apnh   systemd,1 --switched-root --system --deserialize 22     ├─systemd-journal,730     ├─systemd-udevd,758     ├─lvmetad,761 -f     ├─auditd,1006     │   └─{auditd},1007     ├─irqbalance,1040 --foreground     ├─systemd-logind,1041     ├─polkitd,1043 --no-debug     │   ├─{polkitd},1048     │   ├─{polkitd},1051     │   ├─{polkitd},1053     │   ├─{polkitd},1054     │   └─{polkitd},1055     ├─dbus-daemon,1044 --system --address=systemd: --nofork --nopidfile --systemd-activation     ├─NetworkManager,1046 --no-daemon     │   ├─{NetworkManager},1072     │   └─{NetworkManager},1074     ├─crond,1047 -n     ├─chronyd,1060     ├─agetty,1065 --noclear tty1 linux     ├─sshd,1400 -D     │   ├─sshd,1985         │   │   └─bash,1987     │   │       └─pstree,1660 -apnh     │   └─sshd,2017     │       └─bash,2019     ├─tuned,1401 -Es /usr/sbin/tuned -l -P     │   ├─{tuned},1706     │   ├─{tuned},1707     │   ├─{tuned},1708     │   └─{tuned},1779     ├─gmetad,1402 -d 1     │   ├─{gmetad},1403     │   ├─{gmetad},1404     │   ├─{gmetad},1405     │   ├─{gmetad},1406     │   ├─{gmetad},1407     │   ├─{gmetad},1408     │   ├─{gmetad},1409     │   └─{gmetad},1410     ├─httpd,1411 -DFOREGROUND     │   ├─httpd,1757 -DFOREGROUND     │   ├─httpd,1758 -DFOREGROUND     │   ├─httpd,1759 -DFOREGROUND     │   ├─httpd,1760 -DFOREGROUND     │   └─httpd,1761 -DFOREGROUND     ├─rsyslogd,1414 -n     │   ├─{rsyslogd},1421     │   └─{rsyslogd},1427     ├─zabbix_agentd,1418 -c /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.conf     │   ├─zabbix_agentd,1420               │   ├─zabbix_agentd,1422     │   ├─zabbix_agentd,1423     │   ├─zabbix_agentd,1424     │   └─zabbix_agentd,1425       ├─gmond,1851     │   └─{gmond},1855     └─java,2484 -Dzookeeper.log.dir=. -Dzookeeper.root.logger=INFO,CONSOLE -cp/soft/zk/bin/../build/classes:/soft/zk/bin/../build/lib/*.jar:/soft/zk/bin/../lib/         ├─{java},2487         ├─{java},2488         ├─{java},2489         ├─{java},2490         ├─{java},2491         ├─{java},2492         ├─{java},2493         ├─{java},2494         ├─{java},2495         ├─{java},2496         ├─{java},2497         ├─{java},2498         ├─{java},2499         ├─{java},2500         ├─{java},2501         ├─{java},2502         ├─{java},2503         ├─{java},2504         ├─{java},2505         ├─{java},2506         ├─{java},2507         ├─{java},2508         ├─{java},2509         ├─{java},2510         ├─{java},2511         ├─{java},2512         ├─{java},2513         ├─{java},2514         ├─{java},2515         ├─{java},2516         ├─{java},2517         ├─{java},2518         ├─{java},2519         ├─{java},2520         ├─{java},2521         ├─{java},2522         ├─{java},2523         ├─{java},2524         ├─{java},2525         ├─{java},2526         ├─{java},2527         ├─{java},2528         ├─{java},2529         ├─{java},2530         ├─{java},2531         ├─{java},2532         ├─{java},2534         ├─{java},2535         ├─{java},2536         ├─{java},2537         ├─{java},2538         ├─{java},2539         ├─{java},2540         ├─{java},2541         ├─{java},2542         ├─{java},2543         ├─{java},2544         ├─{java},2545         ├─{java},2546         ├─{java},2547         ├─{java},2548         └─{java},2549   [root@yinzhengjie bin]#

[root@yinzhengjie bin]# pstree -apnh

4>.案例2-以树状图显示进程,还显示进程PID

 [root@yinzhengjie bin]# pstree -p   systemd(1)─┬─NetworkManager(1046)─┬─{NetworkManager}(1072)              │                      └─{NetworkManager}(1074)              ├─agetty(1065)              ├─auditd(1006)───{auditd}(1007)              ├─chronyd(1060)              ├─crond(1047)              ├─dbus-daemon(1044)              ├─gmetad(1402)─┬─{gmetad}(1403)              │              ├─{gmetad}(1404)              │              ├─{gmetad}(1405)              │              ├─{gmetad}(1406)              │              ├─{gmetad}(1407)              │              ├─{gmetad}(1408)              │              ├─{gmetad}(1409)              │              └─{gmetad}(1410)              ├─gmond(1851)───{gmond}(1855)              ├─httpd(1411)─┬─httpd(1757)              │             ├─httpd(1758)              │             ├─httpd(1759)              │             ├─httpd(1760)              │             └─httpd(1761)              ├─irqbalance(1040)              ├─java(2484)─┬─{java}(2487)              │            ├─{java}(2488)              │            ├─{java}(2489)              │            ├─{java}(2490)              │            ├─{java}(2491)              │            ├─{java}(2492)              │            ├─{java}(2493)              │            ├─{java}(2494)              │            ├─{java}(2495)              │            ├─{java}(2496)              │            ├─{java}(2497)              │            ├─{java}(2498)              │            ├─{java}(2499)              │            ├─{java}(2500)              │            ├─{java}(2501)              │            ├─{java}(2502)              │            ├─{java}(2503)              │            ├─{java}(2504)              │            ├─{java}(2505)              │            ├─{java}(2506)              │            ├─{java}(2507)              │            ├─{java}(2508)              │            ├─{java}(2509)              │            ├─{java}(2510)              │            ├─{java}(2511)              │            ├─{java}(2512)              │            ├─{java}(2513)              │            ├─{java}(2514)              │            ├─{java}(2515)              │            ├─{java}(2516)              │            ├─{java}(2517)              │            ├─{java}(2518)              │            ├─{java}(2519)              │            ├─{java}(2520)              │            ├─{java}(2521)              │            ├─{java}(2522)              │            ├─{java}(2523)              │            ├─{java}(2524)              │            ├─{java}(2525)              │            ├─{java}(2526)              │            ├─{java}(2527)              │            ├─{java}(2528)              │            ├─{java}(2529)              │            ├─{java}(2530)              │            ├─{java}(2531)              │            ├─{java}(2532)              │            ├─{java}(2534)              │            ├─{java}(2535)              │            ├─{java}(2536)              │            ├─{java}(2537)              │            ├─{java}(2538)              │            ├─{java}(2539)              │            ├─{java}(2540)              │            ├─{java}(2541)              │            ├─{java}(2542)              │            ├─{java}(2543)              │            ├─{java}(2544)              │            ├─{java}(2545)              │            ├─{java}(2546)              │            ├─{java}(2547)              │            ├─{java}(2548)              │            └─{java}(2549)              ├─lvmetad(761)              ├─polkitd(1043)─┬─{polkitd}(1048)              │               ├─{polkitd}(1051)              │               ├─{polkitd}(1053)              │               ├─{polkitd}(1054)              │               └─{polkitd}(1055)              ├─rsyslogd(1414)─┬─{rsyslogd}(1421)              │                └─{rsyslogd}(1427)              ├─sshd(1400)─┬─sshd(1985)───bash(1987)───pstree(2403)              │            └─sshd(2017)───bash(2019)              ├─systemd-journal(730)              ├─systemd-logind(1041)              ├─systemd-udevd(758)              ├─tuned(1401)─┬─{tuned}(1706)              │             ├─{tuned}(1707)              │             ├─{tuned}(1708)              │             └─{tuned}(1779)              └─zabbix_agentd(1418)─┬─zabbix_agentd(1420)                                    ├─zabbix_agentd(1422)                                    ├─zabbix_agentd(1423)                                    ├─zabbix_agentd(1424)                                    └─zabbix_agentd(1425)   [root@yinzhengjie bin]#

[root@yinzhengjie bin]# pstree -p

5>.案例3-*显示命令和其完整参数*

 [root@yinzhengjie bin]# pstree -a   systemd --switched-root --system --deserialize 22     ├─NetworkManager --no-daemon     │   └─2*[{NetworkManager}]     ├─agetty --noclear tty1 linux     ├─auditd     │   └─{auditd}     ├─chronyd     ├─crond -n     ├─dbus-daemon --system --address=systemd: --nofork --nopidfile --systemd-activation     ├─gmetad -d 1     │   └─8*[{gmetad}]     ├─gmond     │   └─{gmond}     ├─httpd -DFOREGROUND     │   ├─httpd -DFOREGROUND     │   ├─httpd -DFOREGROUND     │   ├─httpd -DFOREGROUND     │   ├─httpd -DFOREGROUND     │   └─httpd -DFOREGROUND     ├─irqbalance --foreground     ├─java -Dzookeeper.log.dir=. -Dzookeeper.root.logger=INFO,CONSOLE -cp/soft/zk/bin/../build/classes:/soft/zk/bin/../build/lib/*.jar:/soft/zk/bin/../lib/     │   └─62*[{java}]     ├─lvmetad -f     ├─polkitd --no-debug     │   └─5*[{polkitd}]     ├─rsyslogd -n     │   └─2*[{rsyslogd}]     ├─sshd -D     │   ├─sshd         │   │   └─bash     │   │       └─pstree -a     │   └─sshd     │       └─bash     ├─systemd-journal     ├─systemd-logind     ├─systemd-udevd     ├─tuned -Es /usr/sbin/tuned -l -P     │   └─4*[{tuned}]     └─zabbix_agentd -c /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.conf         ├─zabbix_agentd                   ├─zabbix_agentd         ├─zabbix_agentd         ├─zabbix_agentd         └─zabbix_agentd     [root@yinzhengjie bin]#

[root@yinzhengjie bin]# pstree -a

6>.案例4-取消合并,默认会将同名的兄弟进程合并,-c取消合并,分开显示

 [root@yinzhengjie bin]# pstree -c   systemd─┬─NetworkManager─┬─{NetworkManager}           │                └─{NetworkManager}           ├─agetty           ├─auditd───{auditd}           ├─chronyd           ├─crond           ├─dbus-daemon           ├─gmetad─┬─{gmetad}           │        ├─{gmetad}           │        ├─{gmetad}           │        ├─{gmetad}           │        ├─{gmetad}           │        ├─{gmetad}           │        ├─{gmetad}           │        └─{gmetad}           ├─gmond───{gmond}           ├─httpd─┬─httpd           │       ├─httpd           │       ├─httpd           │       ├─httpd           │       └─httpd           ├─irqbalance           ├─java─┬─{java}           │      ├─{java}           │      ├─{java}           │      ├─{java}           │      ├─{java}           │      ├─{java}           │      ├─{java}           │      ├─{java}           │      ├─{java}           │      ├─{java}           │      ├─{java}           │      ├─{java}           │      ├─{java}           │      ├─{java}           │      ├─{java}           │      ├─{java}           │      ├─{java}           │      ├─{java}           │      ├─{java}           │      ├─{java}           │      ├─{java}           │      ├─{java}           │      ├─{java}           │      ├─{java}           │      ├─{java}           │      ├─{java}           │      ├─{java}           │      ├─{java}           │      ├─{java}           │      ├─{java}           │      ├─{java}           │      ├─{java}           │      ├─{java}           │      ├─{java}           │      ├─{java}           │      ├─{java}           │      ├─{java}           │      ├─{java}           │      ├─{java}           │      ├─{java}           │      ├─{java}           │      ├─{java}           │      ├─{java}           │      ├─{java}           │      ├─{java}           │      ├─{java}           │      ├─{java}           │      ├─{java}           │      ├─{java}           │      ├─{java}           │      ├─{java}           │      ├─{java}           │      ├─{java}           │      ├─{java}           │      ├─{java}           │      ├─{java}           │      ├─{java}           │      ├─{java}           │      ├─{java}           │      ├─{java}           │      ├─{java}           │      └─{java}           ├─lvmetad           ├─polkitd─┬─{polkitd}           │         ├─{polkitd}           │         ├─{polkitd}           │         ├─{polkitd}           │         └─{polkitd}           ├─rsyslogd─┬─{rsyslogd}           │          └─{rsyslogd}           ├─sshd─┬─sshd───bash───pstree           │      └─sshd───bash           ├─systemd-journal           ├─systemd-logind           ├─systemd-udevd           ├─tuned─┬─{tuned}           │       ├─{tuned}           │       ├─{tuned}           │       └─{tuned}           └─zabbix_agentd─┬─zabbix_agentd                           ├─zabbix_agentd                           ├─zabbix_agentd                           ├─zabbix_agentd                           └─zabbix_agentd   [root@yinzhengjie bin]#

[root@yinzhengjie bin]# pstree -c

7>.案例5-查询zookeeper进程打开的线程数

 [root@yinzhengjie bin]# jps   2484 QuorumPeerMain   5127 Jps   [root@yinzhengjie bin]#   [root@yinzhengjie bin]#   [root@yinzhengjie bin]# pstree -p `jps | grep QuorumPeerMain | awk '{print $1}'` | wc -l   62   [root@yinzhengjie bin]#   [root@yinzhengjie bin]#   [root@yinzhengjie bin]# pstree -p 2484 | wc -l   62   [root@yinzhengjie bin]#

总结:

  通过pstree清晰的看到进程的父子关系,但是进程状态查看,还是需要ps、top等命令。pstree命令是用于查看进程树之间的关系,即哪个进程是父进程,哪个是子进程,可以清楚的看出来是谁创建了谁。

  推荐学习的博客:http://www.runoob.com/linux/linux-command-manual.html

二.使用top命令查看

1>.使用pstree命令查看”ResourceManager”进程打开的线程数

 [root@yinzhengjie ~]# jps   6178 Jps   10339 ResourceManager   10309 JobTracker   9462 NameNode   9464 Bootstrap   9466 DFSZKFailoverController   11052 HistoryServer   11054 HistoryServer   10367 JobHistoryServer   [root@yinzhengjie ~]#   [root@yinzhengjie ~]#   [root@yinzhengjie ~]# pstree -p 10339 | wc -l   248   [root@yinzhengjie ~]#

2>.使用top命令查看“ResourceManager”打开的进程数

 [root@yinzhengjie ~]# top -H -p 10339   top - 01:38:45 up 7 days,  1:33,  3 users,  load average: 0.02, 0.06, 0.05   Threads: 247 total,   0 running, 247 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie   %Cpu(s):  0.1 us,  0.0 sy,  0.0 ni, 99.9 id,  0.0 wa,  0.0 hi,  0.0 si,  0.0 st   KiB Mem : 18328176 total, 11610648 free,  5253524 used,  1464004 buff/cache   KiB Swap:  9306108 total,  9306108 free,        0 used. 12658008 avail Mem        PID USER      PR  NI    VIRT    RES    SHR S %CPU %MEM     TIME+ COMMAND                                                                                           10791 yarn      20   0 3131380 622256  23808 S  0.3  3.4   0:15.83 java                                                                                               10339 yarn      20   0 3131380 622256  23808 S  0.0  3.4   0:00.25 java                                                                                               10608 yarn      20   0 3131380 622256  23808 S  0.0  3.4   0:03.12 java                                                                                               10609 yarn      20   0 3131380 622256  23808 S  0.0  3.4   0:01.65 java                                                                                               10610 yarn      20   0 3131380 622256  23808 S  0.0  3.4   0:01.65 java                                                                                               10611 yarn      20   0 3131380 622256  23808 S  0.0  3.4   0:01.69 java                                                                                               10612 yarn      20   0 3131380 622256  23808 S  0.0  3.4   0:01.66 java                                                                                               10613 yarn      20   0 3131380 622256  23808 S  0.0  3.4   0:01.70 java                                                                                               10614 yarn      20   0 3131380 622256  23808 S  0.0  3.4   0:01.69 java                                                                                               10615 yarn      20   0 3131380 622256  23808 S  0.0  3.4   0:01.67 java                                                                                               10616 yarn      20   0 3131380 622256  23808 S  0.0  3.4   0:01.68 java                                                                                               10617 yarn      20   0 3131380 622256  23808 S  0.0  3.4   0:01.68 java                                                                                               10618 yarn      20   0 3131380 622256  23808 S  0.0  3.4   0:01.67 java                                                                                               10619 yarn      20   0 3131380 622256  23808 S  0.0  3.4   0:01.70 java                                                                                               10620 yarn      20   0 3131380 622256  23808 S  0.0  3.4   0:01.68 java                                                                                               10621 yarn      20   0 3131380 622256  23808 S  0.0  3.4   0:01.66 java                                                                                               10622 yarn      20   0 3131380 622256  23808 S  0.0  3.4   0:01.67 java                                                                                               10623 yarn      20   0 3131380 622256  23808 S  0.0  3.4   0:01.69 java                                                                                               10624 yarn      20   0 3131380 622256  23808 S  0.0  3.4   0:00.00 java                                                                                               10625 yarn      20   0 3131380 622256  23808 S  0.0  3.4   0:00.00 java                                                                                               10626 yarn      20   0 3131380 622256  23808 S  0.0  3.4   0:00.00 java                                                                                               10627 yarn      20   0 3131380 622256  23808 S  0.0  3.4   0:00.00 java                                                                                               10628 yarn      20   0 3131380 622256  23808 S  0.0  3.4   0:15.73 java                                                                                               10645 yarn      20   0 3131380 622256  23808 S  0.0  3.4   1:59.54 java                                                                                               10651 yarn      20   0 3131380 622256  23808 S  0.0  3.4   0:00.06 java                                                                                               10652 yarn      20   0 3131380 622256  23808 S  0.0  3.4   0:00.04 java                                                                                               10656 yarn      20   0 3131380 622256  23808 S  0.0  3.4   0:00.00 java                                                                                               10657 yarn      20   0 3131380 622256  23808 S  0.0  3.4   0:00.00 java                                                                                               10658 yarn      20   0 3131380 622256  23808 S  0.0  3.4   0:08.24 java                                                                                               [root@yinzhengjie ~]#

[root@yinzhengjie ~]# top -H -p 10339

三.直接去“/proc”对应PID的status目录查看

由于在Linux操作系统中,正在运行的程序都会在/proc这个目录下存放运行时文件的状态信息,因此我们在这个目录下,找到对应的进程ID就可以查看到该进程打开的线程数。当然还有一些其他的详细信息都在这个目录下存放着。

 [root@yinzhengjie ~]# cat /proc/10339/status   Name:   java   Umask:  0022   State:  S (sleeping)   Tgid:   10339   Ngid:   0   Pid:    10339   PPid:   8410   TracerPid:      0   Uid:    988     988     988     988   Gid:    985     985     985     985   FDSize: 512   Groups: 985 994   VmPeak:  3131384 kB   VmSize:  3131380 kB   VmLck:         0 kB   VmPin:         0 kB   VmHWM:    622300 kB   VmRSS:    622256 kB   RssAnon:          598448 kB   RssFile:           23808 kB   RssShmem:              0 kB   VmData:  2962116 kB   VmStk:       144 kB   VmExe:         4 kB   VmLib:     17152 kB   VmPTE:      1808 kB   VmSwap:        0 kB   Threads:        248   SigQ:   0/71498   SigPnd: 0000000000000000   ShdPnd: 0000000000000000   SigBlk: 0000000000000000   SigIgn: 0000000000000000   SigCgt: 2000000181005ccf   CapInh: 0000000000000000   CapPrm: 0000000000000000   CapEff: 0000000000000000   CapBnd: 0000001fffffffff   CapAmb: 0000000000000000   Seccomp:        0   Cpus_allowed:   fffff   Cpus_allowed_list:      0-19   Mems_allowed:   00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000003   Mems_allowed_list:      0-1   voluntary_ctxt_switches:        67   nonvoluntary_ctxt_switches:     19   [root@yinzhengjie ~]#

[root@yinzhengjie ~]# cat /proc/10339/status

四.*直接去“/proc”对应PID的task目录查看*

 [root@yinzhengjie ~]# jps   8704 Jps   10339 ResourceManager   10309 JobTracker   9462 NameNode   9464 Bootstrap   9466 DFSZKFailoverController   11052 HistoryServer   11054 HistoryServer   10367 JobHistoryServer   [root@yinzhengjie ~]#   [root@yinzhengjie ~]#   [root@yinzhengjie ~]# pstree -p 10339 | wc -l       248   [root@yinzhengjie ~]#   [root@yinzhengjie ~]#   [root@yinzhengjie ~]# ll /proc/10339/task/ | wc -l       248   [root@yinzhengjie ~]#   [root@yinzhengjie ~]#

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